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Úrsula Hilaria Celia de la Caridad Cruz Alfonso also known by her stage name Celia Cruz (October 21, 1925 – July 16, 2003) was a Cuban salsa singer/performer. One of the most popular salsa artists of the 20th century, she earned twenty-three gold albums and was a recipient of the National Medal of Arts. She was renowned internationally as the "Queen of Salsa", "La Guarachera de Cuba", as well as ''The Queen of Latin Music''.〔Pareles, Jon (December 14, 1992). ("Review/Pop; The Queen of Latin Music Takes It From the Top" ). Retrieved January 27, 2014.〕〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Celia Cruz's Shoes )〕 She spent much of her career working in the United States and several Latin American countries. Leila Cobo of ''Billboard Magazine'' once said "Cruz is indisputably the best known and most influential female figure in the history of Cuban music". She was part of the Ifá religion. == Early life == Úrsula Hilaria Celia de la Caridad Cruz Alfonso was born on October 21, 1925〔("Her Life" ). National Museum of American History. Accessed October 7, 2012.〕 in the diverse, working-class neighborhood of Santos Suárez in Havana, Cuba, the second of four children. Her father, Simon Cruz, was a railroad stoker and her mother, Catalina Alfonso was a homemaker who took care of an extended family of fourteen.〔〔Cobo, Leila (July 26, 2003). ("Cuban Salsa Sensation Celia Cruz Dies At 77" ). AllBusiness.com.〕 While growing up in Cuba's diverse 1930s musical climate, Cruz listened to many musicians who influenced her adult career, including Fernando Collazo, Abelardo Barroso, Pablo Quevedo and Arsenio Rodríguez. Despite her mother's opposition and the fact that she was Catholic, as a child Cruz learned santería songs from her neighbor who practiced santería. Cruz also later studied the words to Yoruba songs with colleague Mercedita Valdes (an Akpwon santería singer) from Cuba and made various recordings of this religious genre, even singing backup for other female akpwons like Candita Batista.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=¡Azúcar! The Life and Music of Celia Cruz )〕 As a teenager, her aunt took her and her cousin to cabarets to sing, but her father encouraged her to attend school in the hope she would become a teacher. However, one of her teachers told her that as an entertainer she could earn in one day what most Cuban teachers earned in a month. Cruz began singing in Havana's radio station Radio Garcia-Serra's popular "Hora del Té" daily broadcast, where she sang the tango "Nostalgias" and won a cake as first place. She often won cakes and also opportunities to participate in more contests. Her first recordings were made in 1948 in Venezuela. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Celia Cruz」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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